T regulatory cells
What do they do? --> help regulate immune responses, suppress overreactive T-cells, help tumors
Where are they formed? --> during development in Thymus or in sec. lymphoid structure.
How are they formed/What is needed? --> TCR-MHC binding, Co-stimulation ratio between inhibitory and stimulatory factors lead to TH cells or Treg cells. If the stimulation isn’t strong enough -> Treg
Production of human monoclonal antibodies
How are they produced? --> transgenic mouse with fully human immunoglobulin locus, phage display
Areas in which mAbs can be used. (Immunosuppression, tumors, inflammatory diseases, ocular therapy (VEGF), Hypercholesterinemia (PCSK9))